• Implant recovery
• Incision and drainage of abscesses
• Laser soft tissue curettage of the post-extraction tooth sockets
and the periapical are during apical surgery
• Leukoplakia - refer below
• Operculectomy
• Oral papillectomies - refer below
• Pulpotomy - refer below
• Pulp extirpation - root canal therapy
• Pulpotomy as an adjunct to root canal therapy
• Root canal debridement and cleaning
• Reduction of gingival hypertrophy
• Soft tissue crown lengthening
• Sulcular debridement (removal of diseased of inflamed soft
tissue
• Treatment of canker sores, herpetic and aphthous ulcers of
the oral Mucosa
• Vestibuloplasty
Oral
Papillectomies
Surgical removal of any
papillac ( A small nipplelike projection, such as a protuberance
(small buldge) on the skin, at the root of a hair or feather,
or at the base of a developing tooth).
_________________________________
Pulpotomy
A deep cavity in your
child's baby tooth may go into the nerve or pulp of the tooth.
In this case, a pulpotomy is recommended to save the tooth.
A pulpotomy of a baby tooth is similar to a root canal treatment
of an adult tooth. It removes all the coronal pulp tissue from
the chamber of the tooth. It prevents:
Unnecessary loss of teeth.
Your child's baby teeth are important to save in order to maintain
the space for their adult teeth.
If the tooth is pulled
than the space needed for the adult tooth will be lost leading
to crowding and future need of braces.
Pulpotomy is recommended
when decay has extended deep into the tooth reaching the tooth's
nerve possibility causing an abscess or the tooth has fractured
exposing the nerve.
During this procedure
only the infected tissue in the tooth is removed. A medicated
filling is placed inside the tooth and a filling is used to
restore your child's tooth.
We recommend that this
tooth than be protected with a crown so it does not fracture
saving your child from more unnecessary pain and tooth loss.
The success of the pulpotomy
depends on the severity of the infection and the body's own
immune system.
If the pulpotomy fails an extraction (removal) of the tooth
will be recommended This is only done when every other avenue
to save the tooth has been tried. The space left after the extraction
will need to be saved to help a permanent tooth come in. A space
maintainer appliance will be recommended to save this space.
Those procedures designed to widen the zone of attached gingiva
and deepen the vestibular depth which will facilitate the clearance
of the area for natural food passage, and provide access for
toothbrushing and interdental stimulation.
Leukoplakia is a condition
in which thickened, white patches form on your gums, on the
inside of your cheeks and sometimes on your tongue — usually
as a result of chronic irritation. Tobacco, either smoked or
chewed, is the main culprit, but irritation can also come from
ill-fitting dentures and long-term alcohol use.
Although anyone can develop leukoplakia, it's most common in
older men. People with compromised immune systems sometimes
develop an unusual form of the disorder called hairy leukoplakia.
In general, leukoplakia isn't painful, but the patches may be
sensitive when you touch them or eat spicy foods. And though
the disorder usually isn't dangerous, it can be serious. A small
percentage of leukoplakic patches show early signs of cancer,
and many cancers of the mouth (oral cancers) occur next to areas
of leukoplakia. For that reason, it's best to see your dentist
if you have unusual changes in your mouth lasting longer than
a week.
Signs
and symptoms
Leukoplakia first appears as flat, gray sores — usually on your
gums or on the insides of your cheeks and sometimes on your
tongue. Over weeks or months, leukoplakic sores develop into
patches with the following characteristics:
- White color
- Thick, rough texture
- Hardened surface
Sometimes you may also
have raised red lesions (erythroplakia), which are more likely
to show precancerous changes.
A type of leukoplakia called hairy leukoplakia primarily affects
people whose immune systems have been weakened by medications
or disease, especially HIV or AIDS. Hairy leukoplakia causes
fuzzy, white patches that resemble folds or ridges on the sides
of your tongue. It's often mistaken for oral thrush — an infection
marked by creamy white patches on the pharynx and the insides
of the cheeks that's also common in people with HIV/AIDS.
Causes
Most often, leukoplakia
results from chronic irritation of your mouth's delicate tissues.
The irritation can come from a number of sources, including
poorly-fitting dentures, rough spots on your teeth or fillings,
tooth grinding or long-term alcohol use.
But tobacco use is responsible for most cases of leukoplakia.
The vast majority of people who develop leukoplakia are smokers,
and most leukoplakic patches either improve or disappear within
a year after stopping smoking. Chewing tobacco and snuff also
play a key role — as many as three out of four regular users
of "smokeless tobacco" products eventually develop
leukoplakia where they hold the tobacco against their cheeks.
Researchers also have identified both Candida albicans, the
fungus that causes oral thrush, and human papillomavirus, the
virus that causes genital warts, in leukoplakic patches. But
it's not known whether these microorganisms occur as a secondary
infection or actually cause leukoplakia.
Hairy leukoplakia
Hairy leukoplakia results from infection with the Epstein-Barr
virus (EVB). Most people are initially exposed to EVB in childhood
— often without having any symptoms. But once you've been infected
with EBV, the virus remains in your body for life. Normally,
the virus is dormant, but if your immune system is weakened,
either from disease or certain medications, it can become reactivated,
leading to conditions such as hairy leukoplakia.
People living with HIV or AIDS are especially likely to develop
hairy leukoplakia. Although the use of anti-retroviral drugs
has reduced the number of cases, hairy leukoplakia still may
affect as many as one-fourth of HIV-positive people, and may
be one of the first signs of HIV infection.
