This section explains the various stages of a normal course
of orthodontic treatment.
The
first consultation
During
this visit the patient is examined clinically. This enables
the orthodontist to give advice on the treatment options available,
when treatment should commence, the duration of treatment, and
the approximate cost.
If
the patient decides to proceed with treatment, an appointment
is made to collect records.
Record
Taking
Records
include:
- Impressions from which plaster models of the teeth are constructed.
- Photographs of the teeth and face.
- X-rays of the teeth and jaws.
Records
allow the orthodontist to analyse each case accurately. They
are also used to record the existing malocclusion for future
reference.
Treatment
Planning
At
this visit the orthodontist discusses the treatment plan(s)
which have been formulated using information obtained from the
first consultation and records.
Then,
arrangements are made to commence treatment or, if it is too
early, to review the patient periodically until it is an appropriate
time to commence treatment.
Extractions
and other preliminary procedures
Sometimes it is necessary to remove teeth to gain sufficient
space to align the remaining teeth.
Any
decayed teeth should be filled and the teeth sometimes need
to be cleaned before orthodontic treatment is started.
The
patient is referred back to the family dentist to have these
preliminary procedures carried out. The cost of these procedures
is not included in the orthodontic fee.
Braces
Braces are the most efficient and accurate way of moving teeth.
Braces
(bands, brackets and wires) are usually made of stainless steel
although clear brackets are available, usually at extra cost.
Fitting
the braces usually involves two visits. Braces remain on the
teeth for the entire duration of treatment.
Patients
then attend approximately every 4-8 weeks for adjustments, wire
changes, etc.
Rubber
Bands and Headgear
During
treatment, patients may need to wear such items as rubber bands
and/or headgear with their braces. These items provide important
extra forces for the correction of the bite.
How
Long?
Orthodontic
treatment usually takes 18 - 24 months. Some cases may be finished
earlier and others may take longer to complete. The total treatment
time depends on the severity of the original malocclusion, the
type of treatment carried out, and the co-operation of the patient.
Dental
check-ups
Orthodontic
patients should continue to attend their family dentist for
regular check-ups during the course of orthodontic treatment.
Retention
At
the completion of the active part of orthodontic treatment,
the braces are removed and retaining appliances (retainers)
are fitted to hold the teeth steady in their new position. These
appliances may be removable plates or wires fitted behind the
teeth.
Retainers
play an important role in orthodontic treatment for, if they
are not worn according to instructions, the teeth may move back
towards their original position.
The
retaining appliances are usually worn:
- Full-time for up to one year
- Just at night for a further year
- Phased out altogether over one more year
The
corrected teeth are observed periodically for up to five years
after the retainers have been phased out. During retention and
the subsequent observation period, patients are expected to
attend once or twice a year.
